Strategies

Provide sterile injection equipment and often other treatment and referral services to people who inject drugs; also called needle or syringe exchange programs and needle syringe programs

Create designated tax districts that generate revenue to invest in affordable housing initiatives, blight remediation, and economic development efforts

Provide reminders, education, or self-management assistance for health conditions, especially chronic diseases, via text message

Reduce patients’ out-of-pocket costs for tobacco cessation therapies such as nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and cessation counseling participation

Set the number, type, proximity, and density of tobacco retailers, especially near homes and schools, via state or local zoning, licensing restrictions, or other regulations

Shift the way health care organizations approach trauma by adopting universal trauma precautions and providing trauma-specific care

Create financial incentives or remove financial disincentives to affect consumer choices and incentivize provision of cost efficient health care services

Arrange active transportation with a fixed route, designated stops, and pick up times when children can walk to school with adult chaperones