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County Health Rankings Model (Health Factor)

Income, employment and wealth

Employment is the condition of having paid work, which provides income and often benefits such as health insurance and paid sick leave. Employment, and the income and benefits it provides, shape our choices about housing, child care, medical care and more. Wealth, or the accumulation of assets, makes it easier for people to manage job changes, emergencies, education costs and retirement. As employment, income and wealth increase or decrease for individuals, families and communities, so do opportunities for health.
County Health Rankings Model (Measure)

Income Inequality

Ratio of household income at the 80th percentile to income at the 20th percentile.
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Income Measurement Strategies

Researchers have used various strategies to measure poverty; these include: indicating severity of poverty, such as “near poverty” or “extreme poverty,” differentiating the population...

County Health Rankings Model (Measure)

Infant Mortality*

Number of infant deaths (within 1 year) per 1,000 live births.
County Health Rankings Model (Measure)

Injury Deaths

Number of deaths due to injury per 100,000 population.
County Health Rankings Model (Health Factor)

Institutional practices

Institutional practices are the ways in which an institution’s members carry out their functions and responsibilities, often through established patterns of behavior and procedures. They can include decision-making processes and resource allocation established by historical precedent, communication protocols, performance evaluations and hiring and promotion practices.
County Health Rankings Model (Measure)

Insufficient Sleep*

Percentage of adults who report fewer than 7 hours of sleep on average (age-adjusted).
County Health Rankings Model (Measure)

Lack of Social and Emotional Support*

Percentage of adults reporting that they sometimes, rarely, or never get the social and emotional support they need.
County Health Rankings Model (Health Factor)

Laws and policies

Laws and policies are written rules and regulations enacted by governments to shape behavior in society and regulate activity. Laws are made by people elected to governments and enforced by various governmental agencies. A policy is a course of action or overall plan to accomplish the goals of a government, party, or organization and determine present and future decisions.
County Health Rankings Model (Health Factor Area)

Length of life

Length of life measures the time between birth and death and how often people die early. Everyone should have the resources and opportunities to live long and well, regardless of where they live.